Successes and Failures of Détente in the Cold War

Triumphs and Failures of Dã ©tente neglected War From the late 1960s to the late 1970s, the Cold Warâ was featured by a period known as â€Å"dã ©tente† †an invite facilitating of strains between the United States and the Soviet Union. While the time of dã ©tente brought about beneficial exchanges and arrangements on atomic arms control and improved political relations, occasions toward the decade's end would take the superpowers back to the verge of war. Utilization of the term â€Å"detent†-French for â€Å"relaxation† concerning a facilitating of stressed geopolitical relations goes back to the 1904 Entente Cordiale, an understanding between Great Britain and France that finished a very long time of now and again war and left the countries solid partners in World War I and from that point. With regards to the Cold War, U.S. presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford called dã ©tente a â€Å"thawing out† of U.S.- Soviet atomic tact basic to staying away from an atomic showdown. Dã ©tente, Cold War-Style While U.S.- Soviet relations had been stressed since the finish of World War II, fears of war between the two atomic superpowers topped with the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Coming so near Armageddon roused pioneers of the two countries to attempt a portion of the world’s first atomic arms control settlements, including the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963. In response to the Cuban Missile Crisis, an immediate phone line †the alleged red phone †was introduced between the U.S. White House and the Soviet Kremlin in Moscow permitting pioneers of the two countries to convey quickly so as to diminish the dangers atomic war. Regardless of the serene points of reference set by this early demonstration of dã ©tente, fast acceleration of the Vietnam War during the mid-1960s expanded Soviet-American strains and made further atomic arms talks everything except unimaginable. By the late 1960s, in any case, both the Soviet and U.S. governments acknowledged one major and unavoidable reality about the atomic weapons contest: It was massively costly. The expenses of occupying ever-bigger segments of their spending plans to military examination left the two countries confronting household financial difficulties. Simultaneously, the Sino-Soviet split †the fast crumbling of relations between the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China †made getting more amicable with the United States resemble a superior plan to the USSR. In the United States, the taking off expenses and political aftermath of the Vietnam War made policymakers see improved relations with the Soviet Union as an accommodating advance in staying away from comparative wars later on. With the two sides willing to at any rate investigate arms control, the late 1960s and mid 1970s would see the most profitable time of dã ©tente. The First Treaties of Dã ©tente The main proof of dã ©tente-period participation came in the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968, a settlement marked by a few of the major atomic and non-atomic force countries promising their collaboration in stemming the spread of atomic innovation. While the NPT didn't decisively forestall the multiplication of atomic arms, it made ready for the first round of Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT I) from November 1969 to May 1972. The SALT I talks yielded the Antiballistic Missile Treaty alongside a between time understanding topping the quantity of intercontinental ballistic rockets (ICBMs) each side could have. In 1975, two years of exchanges by the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe brought about the Helsinki Final Act. Marked by 35 countries, the Act tended to a scope of worldwide issues with Cold War suggestions, including new open doors for exchange and social trade, and approaches advancing the widespread insurance of human rights. The Deathâ and Re-Birthâ of Dã ©tente Shockingly, not all, yet most beneficial things must end. Before the finish of the 1970s, the warm gleam of U.S.- Soviet dã ©tente started to blur away. While representatives of the two countries concurred on a second SALT understanding (SALT II), neither one of the governments confirmed it. Rather, the two countries consented to keep on clinging to the arms decrease arrangements of the old SALT I agreement pending future dealings. As dã ©tente separated, progress on atomic arms control slowed down totally. As their relationship kept on disintegrating, it turned out to be certain that both the U.S. what's more, the Soviet Union had overestimated the degree to which dã ©tente would add to a pleasant and tranquil finish of the Cold War. Dã ©tente everything except finished when the Soviet Union attacked Afghanistan in 1979. President Jimmy Carter maddened the Soviets by expanding U.S. barrier spending and sponsoring the endeavors of hostile to Soviet Mujahideen warriors in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Afghanistan intrusion additionally drove the United States to blacklist the 1980 Olympics held in Moscow. Later that year, Ronald Reagan was chosen President of the United States subsequent to running on an enemy of dã ©tente stage. In his first question and answer session as president, Reagan called dã ©tente a â€Å"one-way road that the Soviet Union has used to seek after its aims.† With the Soviet intrusion of Afghanistan and Reagan’s political decision, the inversion of the dã ©tente strategy that started during the Carter Administration took the most optimized plan of attack. Under what got known as the â€Å"Reagan Doctrine,† the United States attempted the biggest military development since World War II and executed new strategies straightforwardly restricted to the Soviet Union. Reagan resuscitated the B-1 Lancer long-extend atomic aircraft program that had been cut by the Carter organization and requested expanded creation of the exceptionally portable MX rocket framework. After the Soviets started to convey their RSD-10 Pioneer medium range ICBMs, Reagan persuaded NATO to send atomic rockets in West Germany. At long last, Reagan surrendered all endeavors to execute arrangements of the SALT II atomic arms understanding. Arms control talks would not continue until Mikhail Gorbachev, being the main competitor on the voting form, was chosen le ader of the Soviet Union in 1990. With the United States creating President Reagan’s purported â€Å"Star Wars† Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) subterranean insect ballistic rocket framework, Gorbachev understood that the expenses of countering U.S. propels in atomic weapons frameworks, while as yet battling a war in Afghanistan would in the long run bankrupt his legislature. Notwithstanding the mounting costs, Gorbachev consented to new arms control converses with President Reagan. Their exchange brought about the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties of 1991 and 1993. Under the two settlements known as START I and START II, the two countries not just consented to quit making new atomic weapons yet in addition to methodicallly decrease their current weapons reserves. Since order of the START bargains, the quantity of atomic weapons constrained by the two Cold War superpowers has been altogether diminished. In the United States, the quantity of atomic gadgets dropped from a high of more than 31,100 out of 1965 to around 7,200 of every 2014. The atomic reserve in Russia/the Soviet Union tumbled from around 37,000 out of 1990 to 7,500 of every 2014. The START bargains call for proceeded with atomic arms decreases during that time 2022, when reserves are to be sliced to 3,620 in the United States and 3,350 in Russia.

Strategies for Creating Success in College and in Life

Question: Talk about casualty/maker outlooks/obligation and decision/acing maker language/settling on astute decisions. Answer: Achievement is certainly not a single direction path and neither there is a solitary way prompting it. This exposition centers around investigating individual achievement originates from receiving a triumph mentality to discover openings at each progression, self-inspiration by the method of keeping a constructive perspective on life and rehearsing sound way of life decisions; Interdependence with the individual being in charge of his life while making an emotionally supportive network around himself to advance positive development. Creator Skip Downing clarifies how understudies beginning their scholarly excursion just because can grasp accomplishment through these three ideas utilizing genuine activities. Through breaking down Victim/Creator mentality it has been gotten that, when an individual accepts that he is an amazing maker experience from the decisions he makes and gets himself liable for the results of his activities, at that point he finds a lot of his life esteem. He is known as a Creator. Understudies frequently accuse others on the off chance that they have a negative involvement in something, and something very similar occurs if the result is sure. In the two cases, they credit or accuse outside variables, or accuse themselves, which prompts no adjustment in their conduct and character and decline to change. They trust that outside variables will change for them to step as opposed to assuming liability for their decisions. It prompts the making of lack of involvement and harshness of being a Victim as opposed to being the Creator. With regards to obligation and decision, casualties accept that everything lies on destiny and their practices, sentiments and results are no p iece of themselves. They accuse every one of their issues for other people or outside variables and accepts that misfortune consistently has a high ground. It is the explanation they don't accomplish their objectives, however some of the time they do which is simply in karma. Makers transform their words into activities; seek after their objectives and dreams, and have confidence in themselves. Their self-capable conduct combined with the demeanor increment their odds of being effective however it isn't ensured. By the meaning of Mastering Creator Language, an individual can be a Victim or a Creator relying upon the selection of his words which mirrors his mindset. A Victim talks in a negative tone, accuses others and his words set the pace for pointless conduct. A Creator, then again, acknowledges the proprietorship and obligation of his words and transforms it into activities, have faith in the making of his result, and he for the most part talks in a positive way. With regards to settling on savvy decisions, an individual settles on educated choices when he is given an issue without being prompted. The individual concocts his other options and arrangements which he might not have thought previously, yet the gravity of the circumstance constrained him to think. Understudies can peruse the sonnet The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost where he depicted of picking a capricious and odd life way by tuning in to his own. The understudy can introspect by thinking about the manner in which he would pick and what the other way could have driven him to in the event that he had taken it. Accounting for self inspiration implies having a reason in life just makes it progressively significant and energizing. Numerous understudies do not have this and are one of the primary reasons they float away from their examinations and lose center around considers. Allowing them the chance to settle on a decision expands their tirelessness in sticking with it. With regards to internal inspiration, everybody has their qualities and shortcomings. Understudies concentrating on subjects of intrigue help their inspiration while subjects of lower inspiration will in general get disregarded. One straightforward approach to explain this is to work out both and offer with another accomplice. Educating on lower thought processes regarding different helps support certainty and thus builds inspiration. In promise to jobs and dreams, understudies have their life jobs and staying alert that school can help them in understanding their fantasies just help them in monitoring their results and make encounters, and it let them have the inspiration to seek after them. Picturing dreams in pen and paper and disclosing it to others makes a desire in submitting them as opposed to concentrating on factors that limit abilities. By having a strong and convincing life plan and carefully dealing with it so one can lead a satisfying life and have no second thoughts for activities he didn't perform. It additionally helps in assessing the nature of current life. For an understudy making a steady report gathering can end up being of huge worth. Through this gathering, they get new abilities and life exercises that can be fused in to be increasingly fruitful in school and life. For being a piece of a care group one needs to follow fours stages picking an appropriate group, tolerating their objectives as own, being available in bunch gatherings at indicated date, time and place; and, making and adhering to the group rules. About reinforcing connections and undivided attention, the last is an important expertise to need to plainly comprehend what the other individual needs to state and giving a proper reaction to it without having any assumptions in advance. This capacity makes the distinction among tuning in and hearing. Undivided attention causes the other individual to feel comprehended, acknowledged, mirror the considerations and sentiments of the individual being tuned in to. These, thus, makes and fortifies the relationship. As indicated b y Hughes, understudies need to learn and acknowledge social contrasts which can begin from school and can expand onto the work environment. Frequently instructors need to make educational plans remembering the understudies families since understudies regularly learn delicate subjects better when they take in it from their folks (Staff). Spanning the social hole should be possible by making a positive situation for correspondence where non-verbal message intently coordinates with the verbal message and acquainting social reasonable in schools with feature assorted variety (Staff). The writer appropriately titled the books name On Course which depicts the pathways one can take to change and change his character to discover both inward and external accomplishment in an understudy's excursion. Achievement can be found in each circle of life, and the characteristics one must need to accomplish it are difficult work, commitment, persistence and above all assuming liability for the decisions. Interdependency, Creator mentality and Self Motivation are the three most significant keys to follow and are referenced in detail alongside, essential abilities to get and endure. References Hughes, Sherick. The Family Involvement Network Of Educators.Harvard Family Research Project. N.p., 2016. Web. 7 July 2016. Staff, GreatSchools. How Cultural Differences May Affect Student Performance | Greatkids.GreatKids. N.p., 2016. Web. 7 July 2016. Staff, GreatSchools. How Important Is Cultural Diversity At Your School? | Greatkids.GreatKids. N.p., 2016. Web. 7 July 2016.

The Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Organization - Essay Example s benefit served to the extension of the hierarchical exercises around the world; as of now, the firm’s destinations work in Britain, Ireland and Continental Europe. In 2009 the firm’s incomes were evaluated to 447,661 (million pounds); in 2008 the incomes of the firm came to the 431, 062 (million pounds). The development of the firm has prompted its posting in ‘FTSE 250 and FTSE All Share indices’ (Stobard Group, Investors, Listing Information). A key point in the firm’s development is by all accounts its obtaining by WA Developments International (in 2004); the firm’s new proprietors presented significant changes in the firm’s culture driving the association to get one of the most remarkable players in the British coordinations industry. Stobard Group is among the UK’s significant rivals in the coordinations business; the firm was first settled in 1970; today, the firm’s destinations in Britain, Europe and Ireland are assessed to 40 (corporate site, 2010); as the decades progressed, the firm’s structure has been changed being lined up with the expanded authoritative needs †the development of the firm’s locales inside and outside Britain prompted the requirement for changes in hierarchical size and structure; the authoritative culture can be described as steady; intercessions have been made expecting to build the firm’s seriousness in its industry. The firm began as a privately-owned company †in 1960; in 1970 Eddie Stobart Limited was set up heavily influenced by Eddie and Edward Stobart; it was in 2004 that the firm’s possession changed definitely; the firm was obtained by WA Developments International †a firm ‘owned by Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart’ (Stobart Group, History); up today the firm is heavily influenced by A. Tinkler and W.Stobart who have presented noteworthy changes in hierarchical structure and culture †a reality that likewise emphatically influenced the firm’s position in its industry. As noted over, the firm was first settled as a

Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unceasing Sunshine of the Spotless Mind - Essay Example This theme is significant for examination, on the grounds that there are emotional contrasts among watchers in regards to the sort of sexual orientation contrasts, the degrees of sex disparity, and the measure of brutality that is important to keep up the two frameworks of distinction and mastery. The exposition comprises of early on part with proposition explanation, two body passages and end. Proposition A treatment of self-perceptions and sex relations uncovers the social elements of present day culture dependent on sexual relations and a job of ladies as â€Å"sex objects†. The film under investigation has a special complex structure that assists with dazzling watchers and make a customized story message. The film utilizes turn around sequence structure that delineates connections among Joel and Clementine in invert request, from the most agonizing minutes to more joyful occasions. This structure centers around the sexual recollections and feelings of the legends and comprehend the quintessence of their relations. Strange order influences watchers enormously making them dynamic members of the scenes and narrating. Clementine is portrayed as a sex-object for Joel. This translation of society reflects low social standards dependent on yearning and explicitly arranged conduct of men. Through a perplexing connection of ID forms, sexual orientation frameworks, and social foundations, sex contrasts of the two characters are created - normally as a polarity that restricts manliness to gentility as well as makes an interpretation of these oppositional contrasts into sex pecking order, the privileging of characteristics and exercises characterized as manly over those characterized as ladylike.

Theories of the Reasons Why We Sleep

Theories of the Reasons Why We Sleep Sleep and Dreaming Print Theories on Why We Sleep By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 Cultura - Frank van Delft / Riser / Getty Images More in Psychology Sleep and Dreaming Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Repair and Restoration Evolutionary Theory Information Consolidation Clean-Up Theory View All Back To Top Sleep has been the subject of speculation and thought since the time of the early Greek philosophers, but only recently have researchers discovered ways to study sleep in a systematic and objective way. The introduction of new technology such as the electroencephalograph (EEG) has allowed scientists to look at and measure electrical patterns and activity produced by the sleeping brain. While we can now investigate sleep and related phenomena, not all researchers agree on exactly why we sleep. Sleeping patterns tend to follow a fairly predictable schedule and experts agree that sleep plays an essential role in health and wellness.  A number of different theories have been proposed to explain the necessity of sleep as well as the functions and purposes of sleep. The following are three of the major theories that have emerged.   Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep According to the repair and restoration theory of sleep, sleeping is essential for revitalizing and restoring the physiological processes that keep the body and mind healthy and properly functioning.?? This theory suggests that NREM sleep is important for restoring physiological functions, while REM sleep is essential in restoring mental functions. Support for this theory is provided by 2011 research that shows periods of REM sleep increase following periods of sleep deprivation and strenuous physical activity.?? During sleep, the body also increases its rate of cell division and protein synthesis, further suggesting that repair and restoration occur during sleeping periods. Dreams and the REM Stage of Sleep In 2013 researchers have uncovered new evidence supporting the repair and restoration theory, discovering that sleep allows the brain to perform housekeeping duties.?? In the October 2013 issue of the journal Science, researchers published the results of a study indicating that the brain utilizes sleep to flush out waste toxins. This waste removal system, they suggest, is one of the major reasons why we sleep. Its important to realize, however, this study was done on mice and not humans.?? The restorative function of sleep may be a consequence of the enhanced removal of potentially neurotoxic waste products that accumulate in the awake central nervous system, the studys authors explained.?? Earlier research had uncovered the glymphatic system, which carries waste materials out of the brain. According to one of the studys authors, Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, the brains limited resources force it to choose between two different functional states: awake and alert or asleep and cleaning up. They also suggest that problems with cleaning out this brain waste might play a role in a number of brain disorders such as Alzheimers disease.?? Evolutionary Theory of Sleep Evolutionary theory, also known as the adaptive theory of sleep, suggests that periods of activity and inactivity evolved as a means of conserving energy. According to this theory, all species have adapted to sleep during periods of time when wakefulness would be the most hazardous.??   Support for this theory comes from the comparative research of different animal species. Animals that have few natural predators, such as bears and lions, often sleep between 12 to 15 hours each day. On the other hand, animals that have many natural predators have only short periods of sleep, usually getting no more than 4 or 5 hours of sleep each day.?? Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep The information consolidation theory of sleep is based on cognitive research and suggests that people sleep in order to process information that has been acquired during the day. In addition to processing information from the day prior, this theory also argues that sleep allows the brain to prepare for the day to come.?? Some 2012 research also suggests that sleep helps cement the things we have learned during the day into long-term memory. Support for this idea stems from a number of sleep deprivation studies demonstrating that a lack of sleep has a serious impact on the ability to recall and remember information.?? The Clean-Up Theory of Sleep Another major theory suggests that sleep allows the brain to clean itself up. The October 2013 mouse study found that the brain cleans itself of toxins and waste produced during the day while asleep. Brain cells produce waste products during their normal activities. As we sleep, fluid flow through the brain increases. This acts as something of a waste disposal system, cleansing out the brain of these waste products.??   A Word From Verywell While there are research and evidence to support each of these theories of sleep, there is still no clear-cut support for any one theory. It is also possible that each of these theories can be used to explain why we sleep. Sleeping impacts many physiological processes, so it is very possible that sleep occurs for many reasons and purposes. In all likelihood, sleep serves a number of different physiological and psychological purposes including cleaning up brain toxins and consolidating information into memory. 7 Breathing Exercises for Better Sleep

Reading at all Speeds 4 Types of Reading and When to Use Them

#1: The Pre-Read, Read AKA The â€Å"Should I Read This Read?† This reading type didn't quite make it into thelist... The most useful thing I learned my freshman year of college was how to read. I already knew how to read—how to turn blocks of letters into words—but as an earnest college freshman, I found that I was reading far too slowly. In an hour, I would get through four or five pages, having generated copious notes and a sense of self-doubt. Mercifully for earnest-19 year old me, my American Lit professor gave me some advice about how to read that has stuck with me since: Reading is best, texts offer the most insight/information/enjoyment, if they are approached neither quickly nor slowly, but rather at a speed that fluctuates depending on the text’s complexity and relevance. This approach to reading has proved invaluable to me since then and has allowed me to make my way through huge amounts of text and undertake large research projects. Here are four types of reading and the contexts they should be employed in. #1: The Pre-Read, Read AKA The â€Å"Should I Read This Read?† Use this when: you're deciding whether a text is interesting, relevant, or helpful How to "Pre-Read": Look at the first few pages and the last few pages, the table of context and the bibliography, and for keywords or other arresting features. If you’re working on a research project, this means determining whether the article addresses your topic, and whether the methodology one that is interesting or relevant. If you’re studying, does this text address topics you need to bone up on? Does it do it at a level of specificity that will be helpful to you? #2: The Quick Read AKA The Main Idea Read Use this when: you need a general familiarity with a text. How to "Quick Read": Look for the main ideas of the text. (This means no time for fascinating tangents.) If you’re reading a novel (or narrative nonfiction), this means reading primarily for plot rather than for style. If you’re reading a scholarly article it means reading subheadings and the first and last sentence of each paragraph. #3: The Steady Read AKA The Normal Speed Use this when: you're trying "just read" something; when you're interested in seeing more than just the main ideas of a text to register--style, nuance, ambiguity, intertextuality, ect—without devoting the time to understand exactly how each of these elements functions. How to "Steady Read": The "Steady Read" is most people's default speed; however, If you're the sort of person who finds that they read faster than they would like, that they find themselves missing things in a text because they default to a "quick read," practice checking in with yourself periodically as you read: at the end of each page ask yourself if you understood what you just read. If not, reread the section. Learning to notice when you've sped up, will help you train yourself to read at a slower, more attentive, pace. If you're the sort of person who will find that they are spending too long reading something, that defaults to the "So-What" read, try putting down the pen, and sliding a bookmark down along the page as you read--demarcating each new line and helping you keep up your pace. #4: The Close Read AKA The "So-What" Read Use this when: you need to read between the lines; when you're interested in the way in which a text is creating meaning; when you're obsessed with a single passage; when you're writing a humanities paper. How to Close Read: Read and then re-read. Take notes. Ask: How does the way in which the text is formed, the way in which it is written, contribute to what is being said? Is there ambiguity, doubt, or nuance in the way in which ideas are presented? Does this contribute to the meaning in the text? So what? For more relevant reading, check out these other blog posts, written by our tutors:Is Exam Stress Necessarily Bad?,Achievement Goals and Why They Matter,The Bionic Power of Mnemonic Devices. Looking to work with Andrew Jungclaus? Feel free toget in touch! Cambridge Coaching offers private in-person tutoring in New York City and Boston, and online tutoring around the world. ;

Tobacco Use And Its Effect On Our Ecosystem - 923 Words

According to the Center for Disease Control tobacco use is responsible for more than four hundred eighty thousand premature deaths each year and is the largest cause of preventable mortality in the United States (cdc.gov). Imagine a world where our ecosystem is not suffering from the toxic effects that tobacco use has on our ecosystem. A dream that will probably never be achieved in America due to the high demand of this cancerous substance. Cigarettes have proven to be one of the most detrimental forces ever created. In 1881 the first cigarette machine was created making tobacco more accessible worldwide (healthliteracy.worlded.org). In the centuries ahead they have been responsible for six million deaths per year. Cigarettes negatively impact not only yourself, but also everything around us. In today’s society almost everyone is a smoker in some way, shape, or form. Whether tobacco is smoked or chewed the consumption has proven to be deadly to all aspects of humanity. In 2013 the Center for Disease Control (cdc.gov) reported that in 2013, 42.1 adults in America were current cigarette smokers consequentially polluting the environment at an aggressive rate. Second hand smoke is smoke inhaled involuntarily due to other tobacco users. These chemicals released into the atmosphere then linger undetectably in the air we breath. When exposed to second hand smoke the effects are equivalent. No one is exempt from the exposure to second hand smoke. 88 million nonsmoking Americans areShow MoreRelatedShould The Production Of Cigarette Be Legal?951 Words   |  4 Pagesthe production of cigarettes should be illegal on account it causes deadly diseases, second hand smoke, addiction and pollution. In the United States, there is around 400,000 deaths each year because of cigarette smoking. Tobacco use has more deaths each year than other drug use such as alcohol, and also other lead deaths in America like car crash injures, suicide, and murder together. To put it another way, smoking also can increase chances for strokes, coronary heart disease, lung cancer, and deathRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?997 Words   |  4 PagesTHC, which enables users to feel â€Å"high.† Despite, the many negative statements about marijuana, it is compact with loads of benefits. Some of the most common benefits are: its ability to treat glaucoma; it may reverse the carcinogenic (toxic) effects of tobacco and improve lung health; it can control epileptic seizures; and lastly, cannabidiol (CBD) –the chemical found in marijuana—stops cancer cells from spreading. With marijuana’s handful of health benefits, I would support the legalization of thisRead MoreThe Economic D evelopment Of Bangladesh1710 Words   |  7 Pageseconomy. In spite of its economic progress, poverty remains a curse. By looking at the poverty headcount ratio of 43.3% as of 2010, we can still notice that most of the people are living under poverty line. 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This environmental effect derived from environmental pollutionRead MoreAir Pollution And Its Effects On Health1647 Words   |  7 PagesAir pollution is considered the presence of a harmful substance in the air. â€Å"All aerobic biological system use oxygen as an essential part of their physiological cellular metabolic processes (Valavanidis et. al 2013).†With the inclusion of oxygen within our biological systems come complications. More specifically, air pollution has been deemed hazardous to human health. Air pollution is a complex and abundant mixture of pollutants. The combination of matter includes particulate matter, chemical substanceRead MoreGmo Essay910 Words   |  4 Pagesinterfere into fruits and plants. Once it is ingested, our body receives thousands of chemicals like proteins, DNA, sugars and metabolites. It also gives vitamin C to for energy. Howeve r, there are many studies have shown that consuming GMOs are not healthy. Most Genetically modified crops are made for herbicide use (Smith, 2011, para. 3). American farmers between 1996 and 2008, poured an extra 383 million pounds of herbicide This causes farmers to use more toxic herbicides to prevent â€Å"superweeds† andRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Ghana Faces and Suggested Solutions1404 Words   |  6 PagesAkwapim-Togo ranges. Pollution is also one of the environmental challenges Ghana faces today. Pollution is the contamination of Earth’s environment with materials that interfere with human health, the quality of life, or the natural functioning of ecosystems (living organisms and their physical surroundings) (Paul Engelking, 2008). Pollution basically means the addition of harmful substances to air, water, soil and food which threatens the health and survival of humans. Although some environmental pollutionRead MoreAnimal Cruelty Essay1121 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal Cruelty The topic of animal cruelty is one of great importance to the wold today. 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Chanels Influence On Fashion Essay - 866 Words

Chanel’s Influence on Fashion Coco Chanel was one of the most influential fashion designers of the Twentieth Century and she was the first significant female fashion designer. The fashion world was impacted by Chanel’s phoenix like return to fashion after her retirement in 1953. Chanel introduced men and women to practical yet elegant styles. Although Chanel has been deceased for forty-one years her undeniable influence on fashion and women’s roles in society will be remembered for generations to come. Coco Chanel was an iconic designer and continues to inspire men and women around the world. Like many successful designers Coco had humble beginnings as a hat designer in 1910. Her unique hat styles made her noteworthy in the Parisian†¦show more content†¦The comfortable but exquisite clothing liberated women. Chanel revolutionized the perfume and jewelry industry. Chanel created Chanel Number Five in 1924. By 1925 Chanel perfume was also being distributed on a worldwide scale. Chanelâ€⠄¢s perfumes bring a significant percent of a profit for the company, more than its sales in other in other areas combined. Today Chanel Number Five sells a bottle every day thirty seconds. Costume jewelry was another item that became popular due to Chanel’s influence in the early 1920’s. She was the first designer to gain the social acceptability of wearing fake jewels. She said, â€Å"Costume jewelry is not made to give women an aura of wealth but to make them beautiful† (Picardie 76). Her jewelry and perfume lines are still best sellers in the jewelry and perfume market. The Great Depression and World War II affected Chanel’s success as most consumers could no longer afford her clothing. However, Chanel still was selling her fashions to buyers from India, Asia, South America and the Middle East as they eagerly sought her designs during the almost worldwide Depression (Inoue). Due to World War II Chanel closed all her boutiques and moved to Switzerland. Nevertheless Chanel continued to plan her return to fashion. After the War Chanel returned to Paris in 1953 to find that Parisian women were obsessed with Christian Dior and the â€Å"New Look†, which is a very feminineShow MoreRelatedCoco Chanel1588 Words   |  7 PagesCoco Chanel: Most influential women’s fashion designer The designs created by Coco Chanel have had the greatest impact on women’s fashion. Her designs are classic, timeless, and still very popular today. All of her accomplishments were because of her hard work, dedication, and being her own person. Gabrielle â€Å"Coco† Chanel was born on August 19, 1883 in Saumur, France. (A+E Television Networks, LLC â€Å"Coco Chanel Biography†) When Chanel was twelve years old, her mother, Jeanne Devolle, past awayRead MoreChanel : A Fashion House Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesfragrance in the world and worth an estimate of $1.5 billion, Chanel is a fashion house that begun in Paris, France by the infamous CoCo Chanel. Chanel is a brand that rose to its success with the launch of the perfume Chanel No. 5. Since the success of the fragrance, Chanel has begun to capitalize on offerings which include luxury goods, ready-to-wear clothing, handbags, perfumery, and cosmetics. Chanel is now a global fashion house that operates in The United States, United Kingdom, France, Asia,Read MoreNew Marketing Approaches for CHANEL746 Words   |  3 PagesPart 6 : New Marketing Approaches for CHANEL Introduction Chanel’s products featured elegance, simplicity, modern, class, and luxury. Chanel’s marketing strategies included high quality products, price lining, scarcity and uniqueness. Chanel’s segmentations consist of age group of 30 to 45 years old; gender group is female; targeted income range would be high disposable income. For the other targeted gender group—male, men are predicted to buy perfume as a gift. As for user status, there were ex-usersRead MoreHistorical Development Of Haute Couture1627 Words   |  7 Pageshaute Couture. I will then discuss Coco Chanel’s thriving impact on haute couture as well as ready-to-wear caused by the second world war. Saint Laurent’s drift to ready-to-wear and the high street fashion system will also be discussed in order to answer if haute couture is relevant in fashion today. The books I will be analysing and referencing are ‘A Cultural History of Fashion in the 20th Century’ by Bonnie Englis h, ‘Couture’ by Ruth Lynam, ‘How Fashion Works’ by Gavin Waddell. Which will thoroughlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Coco Chanel s Influence On The Fashion World2029 Words   |  9 Pagesinnovate new fashion, create her own company logo and by building a multibillion dollar company that still thrives today. From the beginning of her career, Coco Chanel has influenced culture and the fashion world, and continues to long after her passing. Chanel wanted to orchestrate fashion and function. â€Å"Luxury must be comfortable otherwise it is not luxury (Chanel).† Her very high standards and her innate knack for fashion helped propel her to the summit of the fashion world. Coco Chanel’s upbringingRead MoreCoco Chanels Influence on Womens Rights2572 Words   |  11 Pagesthe woman’s role in society through revolutionizing women’s fashion. Chanel was the first couture fashion designer to cater to the independent European woman, rejecting the corset and, instead, promoting less binding, â€Å"boyish† attire for the modern, working woman. To determine the extent to which Coco Chanel influenced the European feminist movement in the early twentieth century, this investigation will examine the ways in which Chanel’s unique designs such as the â€Å"Little Black Dress† and women’sRead MoreMarketing essay on Chanel4291 Words   |  18 PagesJanuary 2013 Markets, Marketing and Strategy Report MMS Report, 1 January 2013 Markets Marketing and Strategy Report Executiv summary : This report provides an analysis and evaluation of Chanel’s marketing strategies and of its place in the Luxury market today. Methods of analysis include three theorical models that help to understand the complexity of Chanel business environment and its main resources. Those three models are: PESTEL, SWOT and 5 Porter’s forces. In thisRead MoreCfew2473 Words   |  10 Pages------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form * Born:  August 19, 1882 in Saumur, France * Died:  January 10, 1971 in Paris, France * Nationality:  French * Occupation:  Fashion designer Legend.  Coco  Chanel  once declared, Legend is the consecration of celebrity, and no other fashion designer in history has exceeded either  Chanels celebrity or her legend. She was a fiercely independent lover of dukes, industrialists, and artists; a confidante of many of the creative geniuses of her day—among themRead MoreCoco Chanel1043 Words   |  5 Pageswent to live with him when she was aged 25. Chanel’s appearance was always very modest and neat, very different to that of Baslan’s rich friends who were always very made up with lace and frills. Baslan owned alot of horses and was into horse racing, Chanel learnt to ride whilst living with him, women traditionally wore side saddle skirts yet Chanel could be found in the same masculine clothes as the stable hands, first showing her rebellion in fashion which eventually translated in her collectionsRead MoreWhat Are the Qualities of a Good Entrepreneur?1744 Words   |  7 Pagescreation, is a heroi c figure in economic development. ( Nafziger, Wayne, 1986) A broader definition by say The entrepreneur shifts economic resources out of lower and into higher productivity and greater yield. ( J. Dees,1998) The most important influence on an individual’s decision to become a good entrepreneur is their qualities and good entrepreneurs have many traits in common: clear vision, self-confidence, creativity, high-energy, self-motivated and good relationship building. Entrepreneurs are

The Pros and Cons of Prenatal Screening Essay - 1197 Words

Child is a gift from God. Every parent hopes for a healthy child. However, abnormalities in the fetus growth becoming common nowadays. These may be due to physical, radiation and chemical factors. These factors will cause deformities such as genetic mutation which causes mental retardation, abnormal body buildup and other conditions which bring a lot of troubles in the future to the child themselves and their parents. Modern technologies and innovations in the medical field had developed a method to detect the abnormality before delivery and prevent this future tragedy to happen. This method is known as prenatal screening. There are several advantages and disadvantages of prenatal screening. Prenatal screening is a test to detect†¦show more content†¦When parents know the fetus is â€Å"special†, they may be chosen to terminate the pregnancy. Thus, in general prenatal screening helps to detect congenital disabilities but is also thought to be the remedy selective abortion (Seller, 1976). One of the benefits of prenatal screening is to enable early detection of the developmental defect embryology. This embryology developmental defect may be due to the mutation or genetic inheritance. Mutation is a condition characterized by permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. It can range in different sizes from a single DNA building block (DNA base) to a large segment of a chromosome. On the other hand, genetic inheritance is a condition whereby parents pass traits such as height and other characteristics to the children by chromosomes. â€Å"Sonograms, genetic tests and a new test called pre-implantation genetic diagnosis -- which is a genetic test conducted on embryos for people attempting pregnancy through in vitro fertilization -- allow women to better predict if the infant will have a genetic defect† (New York Times Magazine, 2006). Thus thorough these tests, medical practitioners are able to identify and make early preparation toward any abnormalit ies of the fetus. Besides that, prenatal screening also improves lives. This is because prenatal screening is able to prevent abnormalities which bring difficulties in human life. At this time, no regulations ... prenatal screening guides parents andShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Prenatal Screening1728 Words   |  7 Pagesof Prenatal Screening Prenatal screening itself is a moment that holds uncertainty and can change the lives of those involved. . The chance of having a boy or girl seems to be the least of worries of expectant parents. Having a child with disability has been stigmatized to be a much bigger issue that is considered a â€Å"problem† in society. Even with issues surrounding prenatal screening, and it being ethical or â€Å"the right thing to do,† the worries of people with disabilities about how prenatal screeningRead MoreNew Techniques of Genetic Engineering1187 Words   |  5 Pagespotential impact. But today we have to decide to which degree these procedures and products be regulated and who gets the power to do so. These concerns are part of the larger issue. The issue of science and public policy. What is human genetic screening? It is the process of analyzing blood or skin to search for people with a certain genotype in a population. It is also an important tool of preventive medicine and it has huge potential to lessen the death average of cancer and other diseases ofRead MoreEssay on Prenatal Care2227 Words   |  9 PagesPrenatal care is medical care for pregnant woman and is important for a healthy pregnancy. Its key components include regular checkups and prenatal testing, eating healthfully, exercising, and beginning as soon as one knows she is pregnant. During her pregnancy, a woman should see her doctor about once each month for the first six months of pregnancy, then every two weeks for the seventh and eighth month of pregnancy, and then every week until her baby is born. However, if a woman is over 35Read MoreThe Benefits of Human Genetic Engineering Essay1654 Words   |  7 Pagessomeone goes in and takes that malignant gene out of the equation with the help of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) such as embryo screening, in vitro fertilization, and pre-implantation genetics. â€Å"PGD allows couples at risk of transmitting a genetic disease to ensure their future children are unaffected by the disease without going through the process of prenatal diagnosis†¦and being forced to make the difficult decision regarding pregnancy termination† (Pray). Doctors can perform a procedure whereRead MoreEssay on Human Gene Therapy1696 Words   |  7 Pageshuman gene pool. Some of gene therapy’s cons are its risks mostly associated with the vector system. The vector system may not properly work so the therapy its self may therapy not work. The vector can cause the patient to get sick, and if an error occurs in the targeting of the correct cells a cancer can be acquired. Basically the the con is that a person can acquire another disease causing more complex issues. Gene therapy has a lot of potential. A con of gene therapy is that currently thereRead MoreAlternative Treatment Of Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure1374 Words   |  6 Pages Alternative Treatment of Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Malene B. Bonnor Valencia Community College Author Note This paper was prepared for PSY2012, CRN: 14478, Taught by Professor Oses Abstract Children that have been prenatally exposed to alcohol can suffer from a variety of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum disorders (FASD), FASD is a large term that includes many different disorders as an effect of prenatal alcohol exposure. Fetal alcohol syndrome or FAS is one of the manyRead MoreCloning Essay523 Words   |  3 Pagesthe use of the techniques with human cells and eggs. Cloning of humans almost is occurring. Scientists are researching by splitting embryos to execute experiments to find data relating to cell differentiation, the use of stem cells, and genetic screening. Fertility clinics use this service to help couples when a mother or father has a genetic disorder. A fertility clinic will clone an embryo, then test it for genetic disorders. If the embryo is tested negative for genetic disorders, then the fertilityRead MoreNew World Or Gattaca Style Dystopic Future Development Of Effective Prevention And Treatment Strategies For A Great3494 Words   |  14 Pageshuman embryo to fears about slippery slopes into a Brave New World or Gattaca-style dystopic future characterized by designer children and a genetic underclass. In the following, I will attempt to map out the current debate as it applies to genetic screening and testing, with special attention paid to the criticism offered by disability studies theory and disability rights advocates. I will begin with a brief overview of the traditional arguments in favor of reproductive liberty and a more permissiveRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder1284 Words   |  6 Pagesdecision making which can result in a selection and implementation of interventions. Next, I would conduct observations of the child at a school setting, so I can see he or she in a natural environment. These general developmental assessments and screening tools can provide critical data for an accurate diagnosis and treatment. Autism Spectrum Disorder is steadily increasing at a large rate. Understanding the disorder and its manifestations, prevalence, research and assessment strategies will provideRead MoreWhat Is Meant By Designer Babies?1542 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is meant by Designer babies? The definition of a designer baby is that, a babies genetic makeup has been selected to eradicate a particular defect or to make sure that a particular gene is present(English Oxford dictionary).During embryo screening, a scientist would be able to tell what physical characteristics a child will grow to have; as well as whether or not this child is at risk of developing or will develop genetic disorders such as autism, down syndrome, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s

The Integration Of Computers And Software Tools - 940 Words

Bioinformatics is the integration of computers and software tools to analyse information associated with biomolecules on a large scale. Conventionally, biological study examines individual system in detail and uses the data that is produced to frequently compare similar systems that are related. However, bioinformatics facilitates scientists to study and conduct global analysis of all the available data. This allows researchers, to uncover common principles that may be applied across numerous systems, which results in different features to be highlighted (Luscombe , et al., 2001). Due to the increased amount of research that has been conducted in association with genes and proteins, computational methods such as bioinformatics has become†¦show more content†¦Computational biology became popular during the 1970’s when the price of computers decreased and they were easier to use and more readily available. Subsequently, this new technology was introduced primarily to store and manage data that was produced through genomic research. This then resulted in investigations to be completed in shorter amounts of time, which lead to larger investigations, leading to more data being produced. Thus, bigger and better computers were needed to manage the data that was generated. Hence, bioinformatics was used to create tools, algorithms and databases, which enabled comprehensive management of data. Therefore, as more and more data is being produced, the need for more powerful computers are needed in order to manage the data. Furthermore, due to large amount of data being generated, larger databases are required and more powerful tools are needed to manage and store the data. The proteins play a key role in the biological function and their studies make possible to understand the mechanisms that occur in many biological events. The human genome project enabled the emergence of proteomics. Proteomics is the large scale study of proteins, particularly the functions and structure of different proteins. The field of bioinformatics has had a significant effect in proteomics, as it has introduced new algorithms to handle large and heterogeneous data sets. Moreover, Bioinformatics has offered the

Study of Knowledge Free Essays

Epistemology – The Study of Knowledge Jeff Castro PHI 200 Dr. Akins February 4, 2013 Epistemology – The Study of Knowledge The study of knowledge has always been the journey toward truth and understanding. Epistemology deals with the creation and distribution of knowledge in certain areas of inquiry. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Knowledge or any similar topic only for you Order Now Humans should be free to gain, study and question knowledge and claims without repercussions in any social, cultural or religious setting. As we move forward in our understanding of life, religion and nature, we have changed our way of thinking through philosophy. We are less ignorant and uneducated about the truths of the world and how we as human beings perform in it. Knowledge and the confirmation of knowledge can be confirmed by propositional and procedural knowledge or knowledge by acquaintance. Propositional knowledge is expressed in declarative sentences or indicative propositions of one’s knowledge based on the known or knowing that. If someone says â€Å"all birds have feathers† they are stating or asserting a proposition that is factual or somewhat factual. Procedural knowledge is the knowledge used in the performance of a task, such as knowing how to replace brakes on a vehicle. It is learned knowledge through doing that act. Knowledge by acquaintance is experience based knowledge learned through casual interaction, such as knowing a place or person well (Mosser, 2010). Knowing for certain is always questionable because everything can be challenged. For the three identified ways of attaining knowledge, the most challenged one is propositional knowledge. Propositional knowledge receives the most skepticism because of the statements it brings forward, like â€Å"I believe that†, â€Å"I know that† and â€Å"I think that† (Steup, 2005). These statements are based on one’s beliefs, thoughts and ideas which can be questioned. If knowledge is based on one’s beliefs or opinions it will bring challenges, but remember an individual’s ideas based on beliefs or opinions should respected. We are certain of the other two due to experiencing or performing acts to solidify the knowledge. But then still can be questioned because of different procedures or experiences can still result in a different or validation of an outcome or answer. To justify what we really know is inherited, learned or experienced. We cannot really be certain of our knowledge because we can be tricked or limited by our sense that provides us this information to confirm or deny what we know or learn. Knowledge at one point is imperfect, but the truth at that point and is reinforced by the progress of science to be an absolute truth to some degree and as Vladimir Lenin says, â€Å"There is no impassable boundary between relative and absolute truth. † (Bogdanov, 1908). The normal order of the world is how we perceive it through our senses. It can play tricks on us and deceive through illusions that the mind receives from sight, sound, taste and touch. How humans recognize what is real and not real through their senses is known as empiricism (Mosser, 2010). Empiricists view that there is no such thing as innate knowledge, but instead knowledge is received from experience. On the argument side you have rationalism which view knowledge to be innate. It argues that the knowledge of God, mathematics and science cannot be explained by the senses (Mosser, 2010). But this does contradicts how we learn, because without the senses how do we learn mathematics, science or the knowledge of God (the bible). Innate knowledge is derived from the mind, but requires other things to support or build the mind, the senses. Let’s break down the five senses (vision, sound, touch, smell and taste) and try to understand what can be limited and why. Vision can be received or altered based on the ability to distinguish objects, the depth or field, color, contrast, or even color blindness. Sound can be affected by the volume or pitch that is received by the ears. Touch can be affected by your haptic perception and how sensitive one’s outer skin is. Smell and taste can be affected by our bad habits (smoking and drinking), disease or medications. So the limitations of one’s senses can fool and be limited by our own doings and by the aging process (Gwizdka, 2010). Cognitive relativism is the idea of the knowledge we hold of the real world requires assistance from our mental/mind to build and support and that things being the truth or false are relative to a society, group or individual. I also realize that there are cognitive bias, notational bias and culture bias, which prevents us from seeing or analyzing something objectively with our senses (empiricism) which we cannot discount. So to really assert a position of truth would depend on who interprets it based on moral, ethical, or social view (Slick, 2012). Friedrich Nietzsche developed perspectivism which supports cognitive relativism in that there are many possible perspectives to determine any possible assessment of the truth to be determined. This means that there is doubt and uncertainty about how we see the world and the truth about it based on perspectives. The limits to human perception or cognition are bounded by each individual and how they can comprehend or process what they are receiving. The processing of the knowledge can be expanded upon through the use of one’s innate knowledge. We limited ourselves based on what we only know and what is in front of us. If we can make sense of the world beyond what our senses take in we would be much better off, but remember it is all based on one’s perspective of faith, ideas, thoughts and knowledge. Skepticism is originally was defined as someone who simply looked at things and now it is someone who doubts claims. Skepticism forces claims to be justified (Mosser, 2010). When assessing epistemology on the bases of what is known and the unknown we will still question everything for it is uncertain that we really know the truth about something. Yet there will still be limits on what we question because some are based on faith, which is an individual’s belief in their religion. There are several types of skepticism: moral, religious, metaphysical and scientific. Each identifying a particular area to question or doubt, but what I find most questionable or intriguing are the religious skepticism or theological skepticism which examines faith-based claims and scientific skepticism or empirical skepticism which uses the scientific method of examining claims. Religious skepticism does not mean one would be either an Atheist or Agnostic. These skeptics question religious authority, but are not anti-religious just because they question specific or all religious beliefs or practices. One of the first religious skeptics was Socrates, he questioned the legitimacy of the beliefs during his time of the existence of various gods and this led to his trial and execution. Scientific skepticism seek proof through deductive argument before accepting any knowledge in any area, such as health claims, environmental claims, parapsychology, etc. Carl Sagan originated scientific skepticism and was a world-famous astronomer and astrophysicist well known for supporting the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI) and questioned that there was more than earth in our and other vast universes. There is also a sub-set of scientific skepticism which is call activist skepticism who seek to expose or prove false publicly what they see as the truth behind extraordinary claims (Klein, 2000). Socrates claimed that he knew one and only one thing: that he knew nothing, which was in line with being a Pyrrhonist. He questioned everyone who claimed to have knowledge, hoping to learn from them, but he never claimed that gaining knowledge was impossible and never claimed to discover any knowledge. As such proof of never recording anything to prove or disprove his knowledge (Mosser, 2010). Sagan wrote in his publications â€Å"Too much openness and you accept every notion, idea, and hypothesis—which is tantamount to knowing nothing. Too much skepticism—especially rejection of new ideas before they are adequately tested—and you’re not only unpleasantly grumpy, but also closed to the advance of science. A judicious mix is what we need. † (Sagan, 1995). Both men were skeptics who believed in questioning and challenging claims and exhibited a fascination with discovery. I believe it is in our nature to question everything to ensure we have validated the claim, but as Sagan has stated there is a fine line before tilting it too far to the left or right. I believe the two skepticisms try to get at the answer of how humans came to being. The religious skeptic will question all religions by comparing claims and questioning why to find the ultimate truth of our existence and our true meaning. The scientific skeptic will require proof in the way of science before accepting knowledge to be true (Munchin, 2011). By taking the two and trying to analyze and form a more complete set of questions to develop a more sensible truth or theory behind the human existence would possibly help me understand or rationalize the questions of â€Å"why† and â€Å"how† in my mind. But I understand there are limits to what I chose to believe as my ideas or perceptions (Shogenji, 2011). The decision between right and wrong is relative to one’s society or cultural background. Relativism in the Muslim world would be a death sentence (honor killing) and we would see it as radical relativism. It is easily defendable in their culture and country because it is viewed as a norm or way of life, but not so within most other countries. It is all about perspective because we to at one time burned people at the stake for being witches. Ignorance and lack of education or knowledge made it defensible and accepted at that time. So is radical relativism defensible, it is all about an individual’s or country’s perspective, religious beliefs and culture to decide one way or the other (Mosser, 2010). The basic understanding of philosophy and how it affects our lives is sometimes transparent to most people because they only do without thinking. We have gotten so busy with our tethered lives we do not take the time to question why something is true or not, we move around like mindless beings. Epistemology gives us that way to question and seek knowledge to validate truth and to hope to truly understand the â€Å"why† and â€Å"how† of our lives and everything in and around us. Humans should be free to gain, study and question knowledge and claims without repercussions in any social, cultural or religious setting. But this is an ongoing battle to be free from repercussions or persecution of our thoughts, ideas and actions when publically projected. Some countries and cultures still lash out in the way of medieval and barbaric manner at anything that does not fit their way of life and interactions, but it is all relative and it still falls within the study of philosophy. Choosing to accept this or not, based on beliefs, ideas and religion is your choice, but to understand and have a greater degree of insight of knowledge and truth is true epistemology. References Bogdanov, A. (1908). Absolute and Relative Truth, or the Eclecticism of Engels. Retrieved from: http://www. marxists. org/archive/lenin/works/1908/mec/two5. htm Gwizdka, J. (2010). Human Perception Cognition. Retrieved from: http://comminfo. rutgers. edu/~jacekg/teaching/ITI230_HCI/2006_4f/lectures/Lecture3. pdf Klein, P. (2000). Contextualism and the Real Nature of Academic Skepticism. Retrieved from: http://www. jstor. org. proxy-library. ashford. edu/stable/pdfplus/3050570. pdf? acceptTC=true Mosser, K. (2010). A Concise Introduction to Philosophy. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Munchin, D. (2011). ‘Is theology a science? ’ Paul Feyerabend’s anarchic epistemology as challenge test to T. F. Torrance’s scientific theology. Retrieved from: http://search. proquest. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/cv_756002/docview/894110952/fulltextPDF/13C00235777679CB0A0/4? accountid=32521 Sagan, C. 1995). Wonder and Skepticism, Vol 19, Issue 1. Retrieved from: http://www. positiveatheism. org/writ/saganws. htm Shogenji, T. (2011). Internalism and Externalism in Meliorative Epistemology. Retrieved from: http://search. proquest. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/cv_756002/docview/1111853938/fulltextPDF/13C06554AFF58193594/1? accountid=32521 Slick, M. (2012). Cognitive Relativism. Retrieved from: http://c arm. org/secular-movements/relativism/cognitive-relativism Steup, M. (2005). Epistemology. Retrieved from: http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/epistemology/ How to cite Study of Knowledge, Papers

Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing free essay sample

Key health issues during the American Revolution, there were high rates of smallpox, yellow fever, cholera, typhoid, typhus, tuberculosis, malaria and infant mortality. Community and public health’s major goal was Improving sanitation among all areas in all communities. The AMA developed a committee to take surveys on sanitation and taking vital statistics. A few years later the Shattuck report would be published, and state and local health departments would be established from that. During this time, the role of community and public health services included â€Å"monitoring water quality, constructing sewers and a waterfront wall, draining marshes, planting trees and vegetables, and burying the dead† (Stanley Lancaster, 2012,p. We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 24). There were several local community and public health foundations during this time. The Ladies’ Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina, provided charitable assistance to the needy, while in â€Å"Cincinnati, Ohio, the Roman Catholic Sisters of Charity began a visiting nurse service†( Stanley Lancaster, 2012,p. 24) Florence Nigthengale  Key health issues at the time were typhus, cholera, yellow fever, and wounded soldiers from the Crimean war. Perspectives and goals of community and public health nursing were that all nurses were trained using a nursing education model. This would improve care, and patient outcomes. Nurse’s goals were focused on disease prevention and health promotion rather than just treating the sick. Visiting nursing associations were established. Public health emphasized on meeting urban health care needs and caring for the needy (Stanley Lancaster, 2012, p.25). A few groups of Roman Catholic  and protestant women cared for the needy and visiting nursing services began to be established, caring for the ill and the needy. 1950’s As the population lived longer, advances were made in medicine, vaccinations, education, and nursing, more patients suffered with heart disease, cancer, and cerebral vascular disease (Stanley Lancaster, 2012,p.33). The goals of community and public health nurses were treating and preventing chronic diseases and to address areas of psychological issues such as stress and anxiety. Roles and functions of community and public health nursing was in home health agencies, screening communities for chronic illness, providing communities with vaccinations. Community and public health partnerships at the time were the home health agencies and insurance programs.

Comparative Paper on Perfect Sunday free essay sample

The Second Joyful Mystery Ding-dong. As I lazily got up to answer the door of the short stories in my hand, I was surprised to see a blind man, named Robert and a long lost grandson, named Jorge. Perfect Sunday by Jose Ayala and Cathedral by Raymond Carver both revolves around the host-visitor dynamic. Raymond Carvers Cathedral revolves around the interaction of the character of the husband and his wifes long time blind friend, Robert and Jose Ayalas Perfect Sunday delves into Jorges visit to his grandmother. As both pairs of characters engage in small talk they are able to reconnect, establish new ties and iscover more of themselves. The characters of the short stories will be cross-examined with each other. First would be visitor to visitor then host to host, Jorge to Robert and Dona Santos to the husband. Then Jorge will be compared to the husband and Dona Santos will be compared to Robert. Through this we can discover the deeper ideas both short stories possess. Jorge and Robert are both the visitors in the short stories. Both characters appear to be unconventional to the host characters. The husband and Dona Santos are in a way traditional and conservative. In Cathedral the husband was at first not very comfortable with Robert visiting. Aside from Robert being a complete stranger, the husband was not at ease about the idea that Robert was blind. The husband had a lot of preconceived notions about how blind men behaved and looked like. The thought that Robert married an African-American woman came as a shock to him. He even reacted quite violently. Her name was Beulah. Beulah! Thats a name of a colored woman. Was his wife a Negro? I asked. He also was surprised when he saw Robert with a beard and without a cane or a pair of glasses. He was even taken aback with the way Robert ate. l watched with admiration as he used his knife and fork on the meat. In Perfect Sunday Dona Santos is the typical grandmother. According to the text she is of traditional Spanish descent. She is very conservative. Jorges lifestyle seems to be quite not ideal to her. When Jorge took out a cigarette Dona Santos eyed Jorge quizzically. Dona Santos looked at the cigarette, then at Jorge. She also seemed to be a little disappointed that Jorge is a musician. She seemed to have approved more on Jorges cousin, Leo who was a taking up business administration nd was disappointed when she heard that he was not able to finish school. The visitor characters represent the unusual in the society each of the short stories exist in. They also represent change and reform in the society. The host characters symbolize the norm and the tradition the society upholds. In both short stories the contrasting of these ideas are present. Both selections also look into how the concept of change and tradition can help shape the characters. Jorge and the husband are very much alike. Both characters have that tendency to election when he was observing the passersby. This trait is apparent to the husband with regard to how he perceives and treats Robert. Both characters are not in tuned to their religious beliefs. Jorges refusal to attend mass and even claiming that doing so will ruin his perfect Sunday is proof to this. The husbands prayer during their dinner was done Jokingly and even bordering on mockery. When asked by Robert whether he was religious or not, he explicitly answered l guess I dont believe in it. Dona Santos and Robert can be put next to each other. Both these characters are the eligious or spiritual influence in the other characters lives. Dona Santos beliefs are more explicitly stated. Roberts can be considered as more spiritual. These characters serve as the catalysts for change in their co-characters. Dona Santos sense of religiousness and spirituality influenced Jorge in a Juvenile and very childlike way, the way a little boy is disciplined by his grandmother for not going to mass or rewarded for behaving well in the liturgy. Through this, although very superficial, Jorge was able to grasp a ritualistic and cultural concept of religion and his grandmothers beliefs. I found the husbands and Roberts spiritual enlightenment quite problematic, because both of them were high on marijuana when they engaged in the activity. This may be so, but in a way Robert was also able to help awaken and reconnect the husbands character to himself. Both selections had religious references in them, specifically with cathedrals. In Perfect Sunday, cathedral was used to describe Jorges state of being, Feeling again like a vast and empty cathedral. As for Cathedral, the cathedral served as a vessel for the enlightenment and awakening of the husband. The cathedrals can also ymbolize how the characters perceive religion and ultimately their lives. For Jorge religion is very tradition based. With his grandmothers influence, religion is an obligation and not devotion. So when his grandmother asked him if he went to mass his mind went into this trance-like, echoing and empty state. What Jorge knows of religion is its structure and like a cathedral, its vast hollowness. As for the husbands experience, the cathedral, at first, amplified his unfamiliarity with religion. But what the story promotes is that when the husband begins to open his mind to what Robert as to say and looks at things in a different way; profound, transcendent and unexpected experiences arise.

Reflective Essay on a Book Sample

Reflective Essay on a Book SampleA reflective essay on a book sample is an invaluable tool for any student that takes a writing course. Even the most rudimentary school essay will quickly show what you lack in terms of writing ability. The reflective essay will give you the inspiration and the tools to write from a different perspective and create a higher quality work.This type of reflective essay is very similar to any one given by the school. After writing the introductory paragraph and the first paragraph, the student will be asked to list examples that support their essay. The professor will ask the student to provide multiple examples for each word in their essay. The examples should be based upon facts and characters in the novel.If you choose to use a reflective essay, you will need to select a chapter or a section of the book to focus on. There are several things that you should keep in mind when choosing a book. The most important thing to do is to pick a book that is well written and that has a good storyline. To avoid asking 'what if' questions, you will want to pick a book that has a clear beginning, middle, and end.Make sure that the book has a good narrative and is well written. Some writers will be able to make the best plot and characters but others have the talent of writing a book that is believable and complete. You should always ask the professor for ideas for a reflective essay. The best place to look is the book in question and any ideas that the professor might have.The reflective essay will have to cover all the major events in the book. The first part of the essay will deal with character development and a theme. The second part will contain the narrative and the last part will deal with the plot.The best way to use a reflective essay is to put your points in chronological order. The ideas should come first and then the best points that you can come up with after that. By putting it in this way, you will give yourself the best chance t o be successful.To begin this reflective essay, write down an outline of what the essay will be about. Then, write a brief summary of the essay.

AP Test Dates 2020 Complete Calendar

AP Test Dates 2020 Complete Calendar SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Looking for the 2020 AP exam dates? We have the complete 2020 AP test datesas well as advice for getting through the busy May exam season. Keep reading to stay on top of your 2019-20 study schedule and to get tips for dealing with the stress of endless AP tests! 2020 AP Exam Dates Here are the AP exam dates for 2020. All exams take place during the first two weeks of May (you'll receive your results in mid-July). Note that there is not an exam for AP Studio Art, but the portfolio deadline falls during the exam period. All AP test dates have been confirmed by the College Board. If you’re taking two AP classes whose exam times conflict, talk to your school counselor; the College Board will work with you to give you a late testing slot for one of them. Week 1 AP Schedule (2020) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Afternoon (2 pm) Monday (May 4) United States Government and Politics Physics C: Mechanics Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Tuesday (May 5) Calculus AB German Language and Culture Calculus BC Human Geography Wednesday (May 6) English Literature and Composition European History Physics 2: Algebra-Based Thursday (May 7) Chemistry Japanese Language and Culture Spanish Literature and Culture Physics 1: Algebra-Based Friday (May 8) United States History Art History Computer Science A Friday, May 8, 2020, is the deadline for AP Studio Art (2-D Art and Design, 3-D Art and Design, and Drawing). It's the last day for Coordinators to submit digital portfolios (by 8 pm ET) and to gather students in 2-D Design and Drawing for portfolio assembly. Teachers should have already forwarded completed digital portfolios to Coordinators before this date. Week 2 AP Schedule (2020) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Monday (May ) Biology Chinese Language and Culture Environmental Science Tuesday (May 12) Seminar Latin Spanish Language and Culture Psychology Wednesday (May 13) English Language and Composition Microeconomics Music Theory Thursday (May 14) Comparative Government and Politics Italian Language and Culture World History: Modern Macroeconomics Friday (May 15) Computer Science Principles Statistics French Language and Culture Want to get a perfect 5 on your AP exam and an A in class? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. How to Stay Focused During the AP Exam Period It can be tough to manage your time in May and feel prepared for each AP test- whether you’re taking two AP exams or five! I’m actually pretty familiar with the AP time crunch. In my last three years of high school, I had multiple exams every May, and each year had a different but equally challenging schedule. Sophomore year I had three AP tests in one week. Junior year I took two tests in two days. Senior year was more of a marathon: I took four tests, stretching from the first day of testing to the last! Whether your AP schedule feels like a sprint or a marathon, you can expect it to be challenging. From experience, I know it can be challenging to keep your energy and motivation up during the exam period. So my main piece of advice is to memorize your AP exam schedule as early as possible so you can start preparing for May. As an example, if you realize you’re going to have three AP tests in three days, you should get all of your studying out of the way before AP exams start. This way you can focus on staying rested during the exam period and not stress yourself out with last-minute cramming. On the other hand, if you have tests on the first Monday, the second Monday, and the last Friday of the exam period, you should plan to do some studying during May for your last two tests. That said, definitely prioritize the test you’re taking soonest, and make sure you’re prepared for it before May rolls around. Consult the tables above and figure out what your AP exam schedule looks like for 2019. Next, follow our rules for staying focused and motivated during May. #1: Don’t Cram! By May, you should have learned all major concepts and taken at least one practice exam for each AP test you're taking. Trying to pull off last-minute studying during the exam period, such as by rushing through a prep book or taking tons of practice exams, will just stress you out. You’ll study more effectively if you give yourself plenty of time. If you finish major studying before May, you can use any extra time to review tricky concepts and to ensure you're getting enough rest. #2: Focus on Your Weak Points If you have one exam that you know is going to be the hardest for you, prioritize any extra time you have in May toward that test. For example, if you’re taking both AP Calculus AB and AP US History- and you’re pretty confident about Calculus- you can use any extra time in May to keep working on AP US History. Memorize dates, practice essay questions, or review your notes. If you try to spend equal time on every upcoming exam in May, you risk spreading yourself too thin. Again, this is why it's so important to begin studying early so you have enough time to learn all the major concepts for your tests well before May! #3: Timing Is Everything When doing practice sections in April or May- either multiple choice or free response- be sure to time yourself strictly so you're prepared for actual AP test timing. Earlier in the year, it’s appropriate to take a few untimed multiple choice or free-response sections. But right before your AP tests, you need to make sure that you're prepared for what the actual exam timing will be like. Do this, and it'll make taking the AP tests much less stressful, since you'll be used to the time constraints! #4: Don’t Burn Yourself Out If you have multiple exams in a week, or two days in a row (or two in a day!), limit heavy studying during that time and instead confirm that you’re getting enough rest. Right before an AP test, getting enough sleep and eating a healthy, balanced breakfast or lunch will do far more to improve your score than will memorizing a few more facts or doing one more practice test. #5: Be Self-Reflective If you’re the type to obsess over studying and get really anxious about tests, try to actively make time to do something fun or get some exercise in during the AP exam period. Whether that's doing yoga, going for a run, or reading your favorite book, taking time to relax is key, since anxiety can (and will!) negatively affect your performance on test day. However, if you’re having a tough time staying motivated late in the year and have been slacking on studying, definitely take the time you have left in May to do some practice sections or review key terms. Remember, finishing strong and doing well on your AP tests is important to getting the most out of your AP classes! #6: Don’t Forget Your Other Classes Most teachers should be sympathetic about homework and assignments during the AP test period, but you still want to be surethat your schedule isn’t crammed with cramming in case you have to deal with non-AP class assignments, too. Your high school GPA is very important for college admissions, so don't let AP exams completely distract you from your other classes! #7: Remember Your Goals Whether you’re hoping to ace AP Spanish so you won’t have to take a language in college, or you're aiming for high scores across the board to make you competitive for top schools, don't lose track of your goals during May. Even though it can be exhausting and stressful to have a handful of AP exams, make sure to keep your reasons for taking the tests in the back of your mind. This will give you the motivation you need to finish strong and pass your exams! What About AP Test Dates for Future Years? You might be wondering what the AP exam schedule is for 2021 and beyond. Unfortunately, we cannot predict the schedule exactly. This is because the AP Calendar tends to change a bit from year to year. Since there are always slight changes, we can’t say for certain what the 2021 calendar will look like- even though the changes from year to year are often minor. Here are the schedules from the last three years, with changes from the previousyear highlighted in yellow: 2019 AP Testing Schedule Week 1 (2019) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Monday (May 6) United States Government and Politics Chinese Language and Culture Environmental Science Tuesday (May 7) Seminar Japanese Language and Culture Spanish Language and Culture Physics 1: Algebra-Based Wednesday (May 8) English Literature and Composition European History French Language and Culture Thursday (May 9) Chemistry German Language and Culture Spanish Literature and Culture Psychology Friday (May 10) United States History Computer Science Principles Physics 2: Algebra-Based Week 2 (2019) Morning (8am) Afternoon (12pm) Afternoon (2pm) Monday (May 13) Biology Physics C: Mechanics Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Tuesday (May 14) Calculus AB Art History Calculus BC Human Geography Wednesday (May 15) English Language and Composition Italian Language and Culture Macroeconomics Thursday (May 16) Comparative Government and Politics Statistics World History Friday (May 17) Microeconomics Computer Science A Music Theory Latin 2018 AP Testing Schedule Week 1 (2018) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Monday (May 7) Chemistry Psychology Spanish Literature and Culture Tuesday (May 8) Seminar Art History Spanish Language and Culture Physics 1: Algebra-Based Wednesday (May 9) English Literature and Composition Japanese Language and Culture Physics 2: Algebra-Based Thursday (May 10) United States Government and Politics Chinese Language and Culture Environmental Science Friday (May ) German Language and Culture Computer Science Principles United States History Week 2 (2018) Morning (8am) Afternoon (12pm) Afternoon (2pm) Monday (May 14) Biology Physics C: Mechanics Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Music Theory Tuesday (May 15) Calculus AB French Language and Culture Calculus BC Computer Science A Wednesday (May 16) English Language and Composition Italian Language and Culture Macroeconomics Thursday (May 17) Comparative Government and Politics Statistics World History Friday (May 18) Human Geography Latin Microeconomics European History 2017 AP Testing Schedule Week 1 (2017) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Monday (May 1) Chemistry Psychology Environmental Science Tuesday (May 2) Computer Science A Art History Spanish Language and Culture Physics 1: Algebra-Based Wednesday (May 3) English Literature and Composition Japanese Language and Culture Physics 2: Algebra-Based Thursday (May 4) United States Government and Politics Chinese Language and Culture Seminar Friday (May 5) German Language and Culture Computer Science Principles United States History Week 2 (2017) Morning (8am) Afternoon (12pm) Afternoon (2pm) Monday (May 8) Biology Physics C: Mechanics Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Music Theory Tuesday (May 9) Calculus AB French Language and Culture Calculus BC Spanish Literature and Culture Wednesday (May 10) English Language and Composition Italian Language and Culture Macroeconomics Thursday (May ) Comparative Government and Politics Statistics World History Friday (May 12) Human Geography Latin Microeconomics European History 2016 AP Testing Schedule Week 1 (2016) Morning (8 am) Afternoon (12 pm) Monday (May 2) Chemistry Psychology Environmental Science Tuesday (May 3) Computer Science A Art History Spanish Language and Culture Physics 1: Algebra-Based Wednesday (May 4) English Literature and Composition Japanese Language and Culture Physics 2: Algebra-Based Thursday (May 5) Calculus AB Chinese Language and Culture Calculus BC Seminar Friday (May 6) German Language and Culture European History United States History Week 2 (2016) Morning (8am) Afternoon (12pm) Afternoon (2pm) Monday (May 9) Biology Physics C: Mechanics Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Music Theory Tuesday (May 10) United States Government and Politics French Language and Culture Spanish Literature and Culture Wednesday (May ) English Language and Composition Italian Language and Culture Macroeconomics Thursday (May 12) Comparative Government and Politics Statistics World History Friday (May 13) Human Geography Latin Microeconomics There was quite a bit of change in AP test scheduling from 2018 to 2019- nearly half of all the AP exams moved around time- or day-wise (although most of the change happened to tests in the afternoon of week 1). From 2017 to 2018, just four changes in the AP schedule took place. These were as follows: Spanish Literature and Culture switched from the afternoon in week 2 to the morning in week 1 AP Seminar shifted from the afternoon late in week 1 to a morning slot earlier in week 1 Environmental Sciencechanged from week 1 in the morning to week 1 in the afternoon Computer Science A went from a week 1 morning slot to a week 2 afternoon slot There were also some minor schedule changes between 2016 and 2017.The Calculus AB/BC and US Government and Politics tests switched slots in weeks 1 and 2, while European History moved from week 1 to week 2. Lastly, 2017 welcomed the new Computer Science Principles test, which began as an AP course in 2016. If you look back five or even 10 years, the dates change more, and the exams evolve as well. Some AP tests have been added over time (such as the new Physics exams), and some have been taken away, such as French Literature and Studio Art. In short, you can expect the AP test schedule for the next year or two to look somewhat similar to the 2020 schedule- but you can’t do any longer-term planning beyond that! What’s Next? Learn more about AP tests- how long they are, how many you should take, and which ones are the easiest and hardest for students. Also studying for the SAT or ACT? Develop a target SAT score based on your top schools (ACT version here). Studying for the SAT? Check out our complete guide to the SAT. Taking the ACT instead? Then get a complete guide to the ACT. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

The Oxygen Revolution - History of Life on Earth

The Oxygen Revolution - History of Life on Earth The atmosphere on early Earth was very different than what we have today. It is thought that the first atmosphere of the Earth was made up of hydrogen and helium, much like the gaseous planets and the Sun. After millions of years of volcanic eruptions and other internal Earth processes, the second atmosphere emerged. This atmosphere was full of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and also contained other types of vapors and gases like water vapor and, to a lesser extent, ammonia and methane. Oxygen-Free This combination of gases was very inhospitable to most forms of life. While there are many theories, such as the Primordial Soup Theory, Hydrothermal Vent Theory, and the Panspermia Theory of how life began on Earth, it is certain that the first organisms to inhabit the Earth did not need oxygen, as there was no free oxygen in the atmosphere. Most scientists agree that the building blocks of life would not have been able to form if there had been oxygen in the atmosphere at that time. Carbon Dioxide However, plants and other autotrophic organisms would thrive in an atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is one of the main reactants necessary for photosynthesis to occur. With carbon dioxide and water, an autotroph can produce a carbohydrate for energy and oxygen as waste. After many plants evolved on Earth, there was an abundance of oxygen floating freely in the atmosphere. It is hypothesized that no living thing on Earth at that time had a use for oxygen. In fact, the abundance of oxygen was toxic to some autotrophs and they became extinct. Ultraviolet Even though oxygen gas couldnt be used directly by living things, oxygen wasnt all bad for these organisms living during that time. Oxygen gas floated to the top of the atmosphere where it was exposed to ultraviolet rays of the sun. Those UV rays split the diatomic oxygen molecules and helped to create ozone, which is made up of three oxygen atoms covalently bonded to one another. The ozone layer helped block some of the UV rays from reaching Earth. This made it safer for life to colonize on land without being susceptible to those damaging rays. Before the ozone layer formed, life had to stay in the oceans where it was protected from the harsh heat and radiation. First Consumers With a protective layer of ozone to cover them and plenty of oxygen gas to breathe, heterotrophs were able to evolve. The first consumers to appear were simple herbivores that could eat the plants that survived the oxygen laden atmosphere. Since oxygen was so plentiful in these early stages of colonization of land, many of the ancestors of the species we know today grew to enormous sizes. There is evidence that some types of insects grew to be the size of some of the larger types of birds. More heterotrophs could then evolve as there were more food sources. These heterotrophs happened to release carbon dioxide as a waste product of their cellular respiration. The give and take of the autotrophs and heterotrophs were able to keep levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere steady. This give and take continues today.

Checkpoint Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Checkpoint - Essay Example This implies that employees should behave in a way that in no way diminishes the ethical value and standards of the other person. Employees mustn’t use their official status for their personal purposes and must also avoid those activities that involve the risk of corruption or any other activity that may defame the organization. The employer must assess the whole situation in which he/she is obliged to identify or recognize the specific concerning issue as to whether there is any ethical impact upon the decision which he/she is supposed to take. The analysis of the situation demands the ethical decision make to clarify the exact issue, the main problem; the causes of the problem, the consequences, end results and outcomes of the actions and the parties and the stakeholders that may be affected because of ethical decision. This is a decision making step in which the decider has to determine his role and responsibility, evaluate all the relevant facts, figures and the information regarding the dilemma, assess the element of the risks involved in that particular decision and the ultimate desired course of action to minimize and mitigate those risks, and eventually decide the best course of course of action to resolve the dilemma. In the verification step, the decider verifies the decision that he/she has taken by way of reviewing and monitoring the consequences of the action, and takes the corrective actions when he/she finds any deviation from the original decision. This step involves the communication and justification of the decision to the concerned stakeholders and clarifications of the points and reservations which are popped up by the stakeholders relevant to the case. The above mentioned each rule and principle is selected in order to avoid workplace conflicts and also to maintain the reputation of the company. There many instances where unethical, illogical and illegal behavior of